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Abstract
Aim: This study aims to examine the identification of goods infringing intellectual property rights (IPR) during customs procedures, with a particular focus on the practices of the National Tax and Customs Administration of Hungary (NTCA). The research presents the control mechanisms applied by customs authorities, as well as the legal and procedural tools used for the identification and detention of counterfeit goods.
Methodology: This study is based on secondary research, which includes an analysis of relevant domestic, EU, and international legal frameworks, as well as academic literature. Additionally, the research reviews recent national and EU customs enforcement statistics and the procedures applied by customs authorities.
Findings: The analysis highlights that customs authorities play a key role in preventing the spread of counterfeit goods; however, the effectiveness of their procedures largely depends on the cooperation of rights holders. The research confirms that combating counterfeiting requires broad collaboration, particularly given the increasing demand for cheaper goods due to anticipated global economic challenges. The study identifies an ongoing legislative effort that could lead to a paradigm shift in the current regulatory framework. If the costs of storing and destroying counterfeit goods after customs inspection can be imposed on the owners of these goods, it is expected that the number of IPR enforcement actions linked to customs procedures will significantly increase.
Value: The study formulates recommendations for enhancing customs capacity and improving the effectiveness of IPR enforcement within customs procedures. Such a paradigm shift may require customs authorities to expand human resources and storage capacities, necessitating prior preparation.
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